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Charity Island Light is a lighthouse on Big Charity Island in Lake Huron just off the coast of Au Gres, Northern Michigan.〔(Charity Island Light ), The Michigan Lighthouse Fund〕 ==History== In 1838, the region was the source of lumber being removed from Lower Michigan via the rivers that enter the lower end of Saginaw Bay. The shoals around Charity Island were a major source of problems, posing an obstacle to lumber vessels. It was not until 1856,〔 (Lighthouse Central, Photographs, History, Directions and Way points for Charity Island Lighthouse, ''The Ultimate Guide to East Michigan Lighthouses'' by Jerry Roach (Publisher: Bugs Publishing LLC - July 2006). ) ISBN 0-9747977-1-5; ISBN 978-0-9747977-1-7.〕 however, that funds were allocated to establish a light on the island.〔(Charity Island Lighthouse ), Seeing The Light, Terry Pepper〕 The octagonal cast iron lantern displayed a fixed white Fourth Order Fresnel lens light which was constructed in 1857〔(Beacons in the Night, Michigan Lighthouse Chronology ), Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University〕 with a tower which provided a range of visibility. The Lighthouse Board was in the process of constructing a set of lights up and down the coast, and 13 nautical miles was considered adequate both to keep boats off the island and to navigate from one light to the next.〔 It was originally equipped with a white, Fourth Order Fresnel lens. Fourth order Fresnel lenses were , with a focal length of , and used of oil per hour. Although a lens in that configuration had a range of up to , the Charity Island lens had a range of 13 nautical miles. In 1900, an acetylene lens replaced the 4th order lens. The lights characteristic changed from steady white light to a flashing light, at 10 second intervals. "Charity Island lighthouse was the first on the Great Lakes to receive such a light〔(Bostwick, Violet M., ''Charity Island Light'', Boatnerd.com. )〕 The light was fully automated in 1900.〔 The original lighthouse keeper’s quarters was a wood duplex; attached by a walkway was the tower.〔 In 1907, the tower was extended to and the dwelling gained a second story. In 1917 the site was the first to be automated with an acetylene lamp.〔Detroit News (Interactive map on Michigan lighthouses. )〕 The light was abandoned since 1939 when Gravelly Shoal was lit, and it rapidly fell apart. It wound up on the Lighthouse Digest "Doomsday List" and required rehabilitation.〔( Biggs, Jerry, ''Home Begins at Charity'', Lighthouse Digest, November, 1995. )〕 The Nature Conservancy is said to own the tower.〔(Michigan Lighthouse Conservancy, Charity Island Light. )〕 Alternatively, another source states that the tower is owned by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and operated by the Arenac County Historical Society.〔National Park Service, (Maritime Heritage Project, Inventory of Historic Light Stations - Michigan Lighthouses, Charity Island Light. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charity Island Light」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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